USPTOs

USPTOs refers to the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the federal agency responsible for granting patents and registering trademarks in the United States, as well as the network of offices and divisions that comprise the agency. The USPTO is part of the Department of Commerce and its mission is to promote innovation and economic growth by protecting intellectual property rights.

Patents are one of the core functions. Individuals and organizations file patent applications with the USPTO, where examiners assess claims for novelty, non-obviousness, and usefulness. If acceptable, a patent is granted, typically lasting 20 years from the earliest effective filing date, subject to maintenance fees. Patent documents are published 18 months after filing, and inventors may seek various post- grant procedures if needed.

Trademarks constitute the other major function. Applicants submit marks for registration, which are examined to determine whether they distinguish goods or services and are not likely to cause confusion with existing marks. Registered trademarks generally require renewal every ten years and can be maintained indefinitely through continued use and periodic filings. The USPTO maintains the Trademark Official Gazette and a searchable trademark database, and uses systems such as the Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS) to aid examination and public access.

Organization and policy: The USPTO operates two main programs—Patents and Trademarks—supported by specialized groups such as examination corps and administrative units. It engages in international IP cooperation and policy development, including involvement in the Patent Cooperation Treaty framework. The agency also administers online filing, searching, and maintenance processes to support applicants and rights holders.

Headquarters are in Alexandria, Virginia, with regional offices and technology centers that support examination, outreach, and public services across the United States.