UNC6

UNC6, also known as Netrin-1, is a secreted protein that plays a crucial role in guiding cell and axon migration during embryonic development. It belongs to the netrin family of chemoattractant and chemorepellent molecules. UNC6 acts as a guidance cue, influencing the direction of cellular movement through its interactions with specific receptors on the cell surface.

The primary receptors for UNC6 are deleted in colorectal carcinoma (DCC) and the uncoordinated-5 (Unc5) family of receptors. The combination of these receptors determines whether UNC6 elicits an attractive or repulsive response from a cell. For instance, in the presence of DCC, UNC6 typically acts as a chemoattractant, drawing cells towards it. However, when UNC6 binds to Unc5 receptors, often in conjunction with DCC, it can act as a chemorepellent, pushing cells away. This dual nature allows for precise control over cellular positioning.

UNC6 is essential for the development of the nervous system, guiding the growth of axons to their correct targets and influencing the formation of neural circuits. Beyond neurodevelopment, UNC6 has also been implicated in other developmental processes, including limb formation and the development of the vasculature. Emerging research also suggests that UNC6 may have roles in adult biology, including tissue repair and the regulation of immune responses. Dysregulation of UNC6 signaling has been linked to various diseases, including cancer, where it can influence tumor growth and metastasis.