UDPglükuronüürantransferaasid

UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) is a superfamily of enzymes that play a crucial role in drug metabolism and detoxification. These enzymes are responsible for the glucuronidation of various substrates, including drugs, bilirubin, steroids, and fatty acids. Glucuronidation is a phase II metabolic reaction where a glucuronic acid molecule is attached to a substrate, making it more water-soluble and thus easier to excrete from the body.

UGTs are primarily located in the liver, but they are also found in other tissues, such as the intestines, kidneys, and lungs. The UGT gene family is highly diverse, with multiple genes encoding different UGT isoforms. These isoforms have distinct substrate specificities and tissue expression patterns, contributing to the selective metabolism of various compounds.

The activity of UGT enzymes can be influenced by genetic factors, as well as by environmental factors such as diet and drug interactions. Variations in UGT genes can lead to differences in drug response and susceptibility to certain diseases. Understanding the role of UGTs in metabolism is important for drug development, pharmacogenomics, and the treatment of various metabolic disorders.