UBE2V12

UBE2V12, also known as UBE2V2 or UBC12, is a protein-coding gene found in humans. It belongs to the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family, which plays a crucial role in the ubiquitination pathway. This pathway involves the attachment of ubiquitin, a small regulatory protein, to target proteins. Ubiquitination can alter the function, localization, or degradation of the modified protein, thereby influencing a wide range of cellular processes.

The UBE2V12 protein is specifically involved in the conjugation of a unique type of ubiquitin chain, known as a K63-linked polyubiquitin chain. This type of chain is distinct from K48-linked chains, which typically mark proteins for proteasomal degradation. K63-linked chains are often associated with non-degradative functions, such as DNA repair, signal transduction, and inflammatory responses.

UBE2V12 interacts with several E3 ubiquitin ligases, which are responsible for the substrate specificity of the ubiquitination process. Through these interactions, UBE2V12 facilitates the transfer of ubiquitin to target proteins. Research has implicated UBE2V12 in various cellular functions, including cell cycle progression, DNA damage response, and immune signaling. Dysregulation of UBE2V12 has been linked to certain diseases, highlighting its importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis.