Tyhjiökammiot

Tyhjiökammiot, known in English as vacuum chambers, are enclosed spaces from which air or other gases have been removed. This process creates a partial or near-perfect vacuum within the chamber. The primary purpose of a vacuum chamber is to provide a controlled environment with very low pressure, free from atmospheric contamination.

These chambers are essential in numerous scientific and industrial applications. In research, they are used for experiments requiring isolation from air, such as material science studies, particle physics, and certain biological experiments. In manufacturing, vacuum chambers are crucial for processes like thin-film deposition, where layers of material are applied to surfaces in a vacuum to ensure purity and uniformity. They are also used in semiconductor fabrication, metallizing, and the production of specialized components.

The level of vacuum achieved within a chamber varies depending on the application. Rough vacuum chambers remove most of the air, while high vacuum and ultra-high vacuum chambers achieve extremely low pressures, approaching the conditions found in outer space. Achieving and maintaining these low pressures requires specialized pumps and careful sealing of the chamber. The construction materials of vacuum chambers are also important, as they must be able to withstand the pressure difference and not outgas significantly, which would contaminate the vacuum.