Tuberkuliinitesti

Tuberkuliinitesti, also known as the tuberculin skin test or PPD test, is a common diagnostic tool used to detect latent tuberculosis infection. The test involves injecting a small amount of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) under the skin, usually in the forearm. The body's immune response to the tuberculin will cause a reaction if the person has been exposed to tuberculosis bacteria. After 48 to 72 hours, a healthcare professional checks the injection site for a raised, red bump called an induration. The size of the induration determines whether the test is considered positive or negative. A positive test indicates that the person has been infected with tuberculosis bacteria, but it does not necessarily mean they have active tuberculosis disease. Further tests, such as chest X-rays and sputum cultures, are needed to determine if the infection is latent or active. A negative test suggests that the person has not been infected with tuberculosis bacteria, though false negatives can occur in some individuals, particularly those with weakened immune systems. Tuberkuliinitesti is a safe and widely used screening method, especially in populations with a higher risk of tuberculosis exposure. It plays a crucial role in public health efforts to control the spread of tuberculosis.