Tsütokine

Tsütokine is a term used in some speculative discussions to describe a proposed class of signaling proteins that function similarly to cytokines in mediating communication between immune cells. It is not widely adopted in mainstream immunology and definitions vary.

Origin and terminology: The name combines elements reminiscent of “cytokine” with alternative transliterations; in many sources it appears in theoretical models, fiction, or teaching examples as a hypothetical molecule family.

Molecular characteristics and signaling: In hypothetical models, tsütokines are small, secreted ligands produced by macrophages, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, or other cell types in response to infection or tissue damage. They are proposed to act by binding to specific cell-surface receptors, triggering intracellular signaling cascades such as JAK-STAT, MAPK, or NF-kB, and altering gene expression.

Biological roles and physiological relevance: Conceptual roles include coordinating inflammation, guiding leukocyte recruitment, promoting tissue repair, and shaping adaptive immune responses; the exact effects are context-dependent, with potential pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory outcomes.

Status and relevance: As a term, tsütokine remains largely theoretical or pedagogical rather than a defined molecular family. In scientific literature, it is often used to illustrate concepts similarities and differences with real cytokines, chemokines, and interleukins. No consensus or standardized nomenclature exists.

See also: Cytokine; Chemokine; Interleukin.