Truckload

Truckload refers to a mode of freight transportation in which a shipper's goods are moved in a single trailer or container with one origin and one destination, typically filling most or all of the trailer's capacity. Truckload shipments are contrasted with less-than-truckload (LTL), where multiple shippers' goods are combined on the same trailer. TL is commonly used for large-volume items, over-sized cargo, and shipments that require direct, door-to-door service.

Equipment commonly used for truckloads includes dry van trailers (the most common), refrigerated trailers for perishable goods, and flatbeds for oversized or irregularly shaped cargo. Specialty trailers and equipment constraints may apply for hazardous materials, high-value goods, or regional routes.

Operationally, truckloads usually travel directly from shipper to consignee with minimal intermediate handling, which reduces damage risk and improves transit times. They require enough cargo to justify occupying a full trailer; when volume is insufficient, companies typically use LTL or partial-load options. Driver hours-of-service rules and detention time can influence scheduling.

Economics and logistics: pricing is typically based on distance, weight, class, and service level; the cost per mile can be lower than LTL for longer, heavier hauls. Reliability depends on capacity, route, weather, and freight conditions. Insurance and liability coverage protect against loss or damage, and carriers may require certain documentation and compliance with regulations.

Industry context: Truckload is a core component of freight transport, with ongoing consolidation, digital load-matching platforms, and evolving practices around dedicated fleets and intermodal connections.