Trombólisis

Trombólisis is a medical procedure used to dissolve blood clots. These clots, known as thrombi, can form in blood vessels and obstruct blood flow, leading to serious conditions such as heart attack, stroke, and deep vein thrombosis. The primary goal of trombólisis is to restore circulation by breaking down the clot.

The procedure typically involves administering a medication called a thrombolytic agent, often referred to as a "clot-busting drug." These agents are usually given intravenously, meaning they are injected directly into a vein. Once in the bloodstream, the thrombolytic drug activates a natural process in the body that breaks down fibrin, a protein that forms the meshwork of a blood clot. Common thrombolytic agents include alteplase, streptokinase, and urokinase.

Trombólisis is most effective when administered soon after the onset of symptoms. The specific timing depends on the condition being treated. For example, in acute ischemic stroke, it is crucial to start treatment within a few hours of the stroke's beginning to maximize the chances of recovery. While effective, trombólisis is associated with risks, primarily bleeding, as the medications can also affect normal clotting processes. Therefore, careful patient selection and monitoring are essential. It is not suitable for all patients, and contraindications are carefully considered before administration.