Treetops

Treetops are the uppermost parts of a tree, comprising the crown, its branches, and the foliage that extend above the trunk. The crown varies in size and shape across species and development stages, ranging from slender, conical forms to broad, spreading canopies. The cumulative surface area of leaves in the treetop captures most of the sun’s energy used by the tree for photosynthesis, influencing growth and wood formation.

In forest ecosystems, the treetops collectively form the forest canopy, which plays a central role in light interception, temperature regulation, and moisture dynamics beneath. Some trees grow faster and taller than surrounding vegetation and rise above the general canopy as emergents, creating vertical stratification used by diverse animal communities. Epiphytes, lichens, and mosses commonly inhabit branches and upper trunks, further extending biodiversity in the treetop zone.

Researchers study treetops to understand tree health, growth, and ecosystem processes. Methods include direct climbing, rope access, cranes, and increasingly drone and lidar technologies to measure crown dimensions, height, leaf area, and canopy density. Humans interact with treetops through forestry and conservation activities, as crown condition affects timber quality, carbon storage, and resilience. Canopy walks and other treetop viewing platforms also provide educational and recreational access while highlighting ecological value.

Threats to treetops include deforestation, extreme weather, and climate change, which can alter crown development, leaf phenology, and forest structure. Preserving treetops supports biodiversity, climate regulation, and forest productivity.