Transporttikerros

Transporttikerros is a Finnish term that translates to "transport layer" in English. It refers to a crucial component in computer networking, specifically within the TCP/IP model and the OSI model. The primary function of the transport layer is to provide reliable and efficient data transfer between applications running on different hosts. It acts as an intermediary between the application layer above it and the network layer below it.

Key responsibilities of the transport layer include segmenting data from the application layer into smaller packets for transmission and reassembling them at the destination. It also manages flow control to prevent a fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver, and error control to ensure data integrity through mechanisms like checksums and retransmissions. Depending on the specific protocol used, the transport layer can offer different levels of service.

The two most prominent transport layer protocols are TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol). TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that guarantees reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of data. It establishes a connection before data transmission and ensures all data arrives correctly. UDP, on the other hand, is a connectionless protocol that offers faster, but less reliable, data transfer. It does not guarantee delivery or order, making it suitable for applications where speed is prioritized over absolute reliability, such as streaming media or online gaming. The choice between TCP and UDP depends on the specific requirements of the application.