Transmissiegrootte

Transmissiegrootte is a term used in technical disciplines to describe the amount or fraction of a quantity that is transmitted by a system from input to output. It denotes how effectively a medium, device, or process passes through energy, information, or matter. In many contexts, the transmissiegrootte is expressed as a ratio of transmitted to incident quantity and is therefore dimensionless or expressed in decibels.

In optics, transmissiegrootte refers to transmittance: the fraction of incident light that passes through a material at a given wavelength. It depends on thickness, refractive index, absorption, and reflections. Spectrophotometers measure T(λ) across a spectrum, and the relation A = -log10(T) links transmittance to absorbance.

In acoustics, a similar concept is the transmission coefficient, describing the fraction of acoustic energy that passes a boundary between media.

In electrical engineering and transmission lines, the transmission coefficient characterizes the ratio of transmitted to incident wave amplitudes, and is influenced by impedance mismatch. In epidemiology or information theory, transmissiegrootte can denote the probability or rate at which a disease or information is transmitted per contact or event.

Measurement methods include calibrated detectors, optical spectrometry, impedance measurements, or model-based estimations. Common units are dimensionless (0 to 1) or expressible in decibels.

Applications span optical coatings, glazing and filters, acoustic insulation, wireless communications, and modeling of spread phenomena. Related concepts include transmittance, transmittance spectra, absorptance, reflection, and attenuation. Limitations arise because transmission often depends on frequency, angle, polarization, and other conditions; a single transmissiegrootte may not fully describe system behavior.