Transformatorów

Transformatorów, commonly known as transformers in English, are electrical devices that transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are fundamental components in modern power systems, enabling the efficient transmission and distribution of electricity. The primary function of a transformer is to increase or decrease alternating current (AC) voltage. This is achieved by having two or more coils of wire, known as windings, wound around a common ferromagnetic core. When an alternating current flows through the primary winding, it creates a changing magnetic field in the core. This changing magnetic field then induces a voltage in the secondary winding.

The ratio of the number of turns in the primary winding to the number of turns in the secondary winding determines the voltage transformation. If the secondary winding has more turns than the primary, the voltage is stepped up, which is crucial for long-distance power transmission to minimize energy loss. Conversely, if the secondary winding has fewer turns, the voltage is stepped down, making it safe and usable for residential and industrial applications. Transformers are essential for AC circuits because direct current (DC) does not produce a changing magnetic field, and therefore cannot be transformed using the principle of electromagnetic induction. They are ubiquitous, found in power grids, electronic devices, and many industrial settings.