Transactionbased

Transactionbased refers to a design principle in which a sequence of operations is executed within the boundaries of a single logical transaction. In a transactionbased system, the entire set of operations must either complete successfully as a unit or have no effect at all.

ACID properties provide the formal guarantees: atomicity (all-or-nothing execution), consistency (transactions preserve data integrity), isolation (concurrent transactions do not interfere), and durability (once committed, changes survive failures).

In practice, transactionbased approaches are implemented in database systems and business processes, using explicit transaction boundaries (begin, commit, rollback) and often with locking or multi-version concurrency control to manage isolation. Databases implement this to ensure that multi-step updates across tables stay consistent.

Distributed transaction scenarios require coordination across nodes, commonly via two-phase commit; where full ACID across services is costly, alternative patterns such as sagas with compensating actions are used to maintain eventual consistency.

Common design considerations include performance overhead, potential for deadlocks, recovery via write-ahead logs, and the importance of idempotent operations and properly scoped transactions.