Thorakoscopy

Thoracoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to examine and operate within the chest cavity. It involves the insertion of a small, flexible or rigid tube called a thoracoscope through a small incision in the chest wall. This scope is equipped with a light source and a camera, which transmits images to a monitor, allowing the surgeon to visualize the pleura, lungs, and other structures within the thorax.

This procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia. In addition to the thoracoscope, several other small incisions may be made to allow for the insertion of surgical instruments, such as graspers, scissors, and cautery devices. This enables the surgeon to perform biopsies, remove fluid or air, resect diseased tissue, or perform other therapeutic interventions without the need for a large chest incision (thoracotomy).

Thoracoscopy is commonly used for diagnosing and treating conditions such as pleural effusions, pneumothorax, lung biopsies, and the removal of benign or malignant tumors. It offers several advantages over traditional open surgery, including reduced pain, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery times for the patient. However, like any surgical procedure, it carries potential risks and complications that are discussed with the patient before the operation. The specific approach and instruments used may vary depending on the patient's condition and the surgeon's preference.