Teucrium

Teucrium is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae, commonly known as germanders. The genus comprises roughly 200 species of herbaceous perennials, subshrubs, and small shrubs native to Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas, with a concentration of diversity in the Mediterranean region.

Plants in this genus typically have square stems and opposite leaves, with flowers arranged in spikes or racemes. The blossoms are often tubular and bilabiate, and can be white, pink, purple, or blue. Foliage is frequently aromatic, and many species are drought-tolerant, making them suitable for Mediterranean-style gardens.

Geographic distribution and habitat vary by species, but germanders are commonly found in rocky slopes, open woodlands, scrubby areas, and disturbed ground. Several species are cultivated as ornamentals for their hardiness and ornamental foliage and flowers, including Teucrium chamaedrys (wall germander), Teucrium fruticans (tree germander), Teucrium canadense (Canada germander), and Teucrium marum (cat thyme).

Uses and cautions: Some Teucrium species have a history of use in traditional medicine and perfumery. However, preparations containing germander have been linked to liver toxicity in some cases, and use is cautioned or discouraged in certain jurisdictions. As with any medicinal or herbal material, consultation with appropriate guidance is advised.

Ecology and cultivation: Teucrium species attract bees and other pollinators. They propagate by seed or cuttings and are valued for their varied forms, textures, and drought tolerance, suitable for borders, rock gardens, and containers in appropriate climates.