Testiklernes

Testiklernes, also known as testicles or testes, are the primary reproductive organs in males of most animal species, including humans. They are oval-shaped glands housed within the scrotum, a sac of skin that hangs below the penis. The primary functions of the testicles are to produce sperm, the male gamete, and to synthesize and secrete androgens, the principal male sex hormones, most notably testosterone.

Sperm production, a process called spermatogenesis, begins at puberty and continues throughout a male's life. It occurs within the seminiferous tubules, coiled structures located inside the testicles. Testosterone plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics, such as deep voice, facial hair, and muscle mass. It also influences libido and sperm production.

The temperature regulation provided by the scrotum is vital for optimal sperm production. The scrotum can contract or relax to keep the testicles at a temperature slightly cooler than core body temperature. Malfunctions or abnormalities of the testicles can lead to conditions such as infertility, hypogonadism, or testicular cancer, necessitating medical attention.