Teozofia

Teozofia is a spiritual and philosophical movement that emerged in the late 19th century, founded by Helena Blavatsky, Henry Steel Olcott, and William Quan Judge. It seeks to synthesize the wisdom traditions of various religions and philosophies, including Hinduism, Buddhism, ancient Greek philosophy, and Gnosticism. At its core, teozofia proposes that beneath all outward religious forms lies a single, universal, eternal truth or divine wisdom.

Key tenets of teozofia include the belief in a universal divine principle from which all existence emanates, the cyclical nature of the universe through periods of manifestation and dissolution, and the concept of reincarnation and karma as governing principles of spiritual evolution. Teozofia also emphasizes the existence of spiritual hierarchies, often referred to as the Masters or Mahatmas, who guide humanity's spiritual progress.

The Theosophical Society, established in 1875, was the primary vehicle for disseminating these ideas. Its stated aims were to form a nucleus of the universal brotherhood of humanity, without distinction of race, creed, sex, caste, or color; to encourage the study of comparative religion, philosophy, and science; and to investigate unexplained laws of nature and the powers latent in humanity. Teozofia has influenced various subsequent spiritual movements and New Age philosophies, though its complex doctrines and esoteric nature have also led to both interest and criticism.