Tartalékelvek

Tartalékelvek, often translated as reserve currencies or buffer currencies, are foreign currencies held by central banks and monetary authorities. These reserves are primarily used to manage the exchange rate of a country's own currency, to settle international debts, and to maintain confidence in the nation's economic stability. The most common tartalékelvek are the US dollar, the Euro, the Japanese Yen, and more recently, the Chinese Yuan.

The holding of tartalékelvek provides a country with a degree of financial flexibility. For example, if a country's currency is weakening significantly, its central bank can sell its holdings of a strong tartalékelv to buy its own currency, thereby supporting its value. Conversely, if a country has an excess of foreign currency, it might use it to build up its reserves or to invest in foreign assets.

The composition and management of tartalékelvek are crucial aspects of international finance. Countries typically aim for a diversified portfolio of reserves to mitigate risks associated with reliance on a single currency. The choice of which currencies to hold as reserves can be influenced by factors such as the currency's stability, its role in international trade and finance, and the economic policies of the issuing country. The evolution of the global financial system may lead to shifts in the prominence of different tartalékelvek over time.