Talajképzdmény
Talajképződmény, often translated as soil formation or pedogenesis, refers to the complex natural process by which soil develops over time. This process involves the interaction of various factors acting on parent material, which is the unconsolidated mineral or organic matter from which soil develops. Key factors influencing soil formation include climate, which dictates temperature and precipitation patterns affecting weathering and biological activity; organisms, such as plants, animals, and microbes, which contribute organic matter and influence nutrient cycling; topography, or the shape of the land, which affects water drainage and erosion; parent material, which provides the initial mineral composition; and time, as soil formation is a gradual process that can take hundreds or even thousands of years.
The interplay of these factors leads to the development of distinct soil horizons, which are layers within