Takistusandur

Takistusandur, also known as a resistive sensor, is a type of sensor that measures physical quantities by converting them into changes in electrical resistance. These changes in resistance are typically caused by a physical phenomenon acting upon a resistive element. The fundamental principle of operation relies on the relationship between a material's resistance and various physical properties, such as temperature, pressure, or strain.

One common application of takistusandurid is in temperature measurement. Resistance thermometers, such as RTDs (Resistance Temperature Detectors), utilize materials like platinum, nickel, or copper whose electrical resistance changes predictably with temperature. As the temperature increases, the resistance of the material increases, and this change can be accurately measured and correlated to a specific temperature value. Another significant use is in strain gauges. These sensors consist of a thin, flexible resistive element patterned on a flexible backing. When the backing is stretched or compressed along with a material, the resistive element also deforms. This deformation alters the length and cross-sectional area of the resistive element, thereby changing its resistance. By measuring this change in resistance, engineers can determine the strain applied to the material.

Other types of takistusandurid include pressure sensors that use resistive elements whose resistance changes under applied pressure, and humidity sensors that employ materials whose resistance varies with the amount of moisture absorbed. The versatility and relative simplicity of resistive sensing principles make takistusandurid widely used across various industries, including automotive, industrial automation, medical devices, and scientific research.