TOIDUGA

Toiduga is a phrase in Estonian meaning "with food." It functions as a comitative construction used to express accompaniment or association with food in various contexts.

Etymology and form: The term is derived from the noun toit ("food") with a comitative marker. It is commonly used to indicate how an action is performed or how something should be used in relation to food, rather than forming a standalone lexical item with a separate meaning.

Usage: In medical and dietary contexts, toiduga appears in instructions such as "Ravimi võtmine toiduga" (take the medicine with food). In general language, it denotes that something is done together with food, as in expressions describing how meals or ingestion occur in relation to a particular activity or substance.

Examples: RAVIMI VÕTMINE TOIDUGA: "Ravimi võtmine toiduga on soovitatav." This means taking the medicine with food is recommended. Another usage is to describe side effects that accompany meals, e.g., "toiduga kaasnevad kõrvaltoimed" (side effects associated with food).

See also: Estonian language; comitative construction; nutrition labeling. Related terms include "ilma toiduta" (without food) and the base noun "toit" (food).