THBS2

Thrombospondin-2 (THBS2) is a secreted extracellular matrix glycoprotein produced by several cell types, encoded by the THBS2 gene in humans. It is a member of the thrombospondin family, a group of matricellular proteins that modulate cell–matrix interactions and cellular signaling without serving primarily a structural role.

THBS2 is a multi-domain protein that associates with the extracellular matrix. It binds to collagen types I and III, laminin, fibronectin, and other matrix components, helping to organize the matrix milieu and influence cell adhesion. It can interact with cell-surface receptors such as CD36 and certain integrins, linking ECM cues to intracellular signaling.

THBS2 has anti-angiogenic properties, capable of inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and vessel formation in part via CD36-mediated pathways. It also participates in tissue remodeling by modulating protease activity and interacting with matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors, contributing to wound healing and fibrotic processes.

Through its regulatory roles in angiogenesis and ECM dynamics, THBS2 participates in development, wound repair, and fibrosis. Altered THBS2 expression has been observed in various cancers and fibrotic diseases, and measurement of THBS2 levels has been explored as a potential biomarker in some diagnostic contexts.

THBS2 is conserved across vertebrates as part of the thrombospondin family; its expression is tissue-specific and context-dependent, reflecting roles in angiogenesis, cell adhesion, and matrix remodeling.