TDGF1

TDGF1, also known as Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, is a protein encoded by the TDGF1 gene. It belongs to the Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family, which are involved in the survival and differentiation of various neuronal cell types. TDGF1 plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of the nervous system.

The TDGF1 protein is secreted and functions as a ligand for the RET receptor tyrosine kinase. Upon binding to RET, TDGF1 initiates intracellular signaling pathways that promote neuronal survival, neurite outgrowth, and neurotransmitter synthesis. It is particularly important for the development of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, which are crucial for motor control. Loss of these neurons is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease.

TDGF1 is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the brain, adrenal gland, and kidney. Its expression is dynamic during development and is upregulated in response to injury or degeneration. Research has explored the therapeutic potential of TDGF1 for treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Delivery of TDGF1 to affected brain regions has shown promise in preclinical studies by protecting neurons and improving motor function. However, challenges related to its delivery and efficacy in humans are still being investigated.