Sähköoptiset

Sähköoptiset refers to phenomena and devices that involve the interaction between electricity and light. This field explores how electric fields can influence the optical properties of materials, and conversely, how light can affect electrical properties. Key sähköoptiset effects include the Pockels effect and the Kerr effect, both of which describe the change in a material's refractive index when subjected to an external electric field. The Pockels effect occurs in certain non-centrosymmetric crystals and is linearly proportional to the applied electric field, while the Kerr effect is observed in all materials and is proportional to the square of the electric field.

These principles are utilized in a variety of technologies. Sähköoptiset modulators are devices that use these effects to control the intensity, phase, or polarization of light by applying an electric voltage. These modulators are crucial components in optical communication systems, where they encode data onto laser beams. Other applications include optical shutters, switches, and components for advanced imaging and sensing systems. The study of sähköoptiset phenomena bridges the disciplines of physics, electrical engineering, and materials science, driving innovation in photonics and optoelectronics. Research continues to explore new materials and more efficient ways to control light with electricity, promising further advancements in optical technologies.