Sähkömuuntajat

Sähkömuuntajat, commonly known as electrical transformers, are static electrical devices that transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. Their primary function is to increase or decrease AC voltage levels. This is achieved by using two or more coils of wire, known as windings, which are typically wound around a common iron core. The alternating current flowing through the primary winding creates a fluctuating magnetic field in the core. This changing magnetic field then induces a voltage in the secondary winding.

The ratio of the number of turns in the primary winding to the number of turns in the secondary winding determines the voltage transformation ratio. If the secondary winding has more turns than the primary, the output voltage is higher than the input voltage (a step-up transformer). Conversely, if the secondary winding has fewer turns, the output voltage is lower (a step-down transformer). Transformers are crucial components in electrical power systems, enabling efficient transmission of electricity over long distances at high voltages and then stepping down the voltage for safe use in homes and industries. They are also found in numerous electronic devices for voltage regulation and isolation.