Szuperskalár

Szuperskalár refers to a superscalar processor architecture. This design allows a processor to execute more than one instruction per clock cycle. It achieves this by having multiple execution units within the processor, such as integer arithmetic units, floating-point units, and load/store units. A superscalar processor fetches multiple instructions from the instruction stream, decodes them, and then dispatches them to available execution units. The processor attempts to execute these instructions in parallel, even if they are not adjacent in the original program sequence, a process known as instruction-level parallelism. This parallel execution is managed by sophisticated control logic that checks for data dependencies and resource availability. If an instruction depends on the result of a previous instruction that has not yet completed, the processor may need to stall or reorder the execution to maintain program correctness. The effectiveness of a superscalar design is measured by its utilization of available execution units and its ability to hide instruction latencies. Modern high-performance processors overwhelmingly employ superscalar architectures to enhance their computational throughput.