Szárazonfutás

Szárazonfutás, often translated as "running dry" or "dry running" in English, refers to a situation where a pump operates without an adequate supply of fluid. This condition can lead to significant damage to the pump's internal components, particularly the seals and impellers, due to increased friction and heat.

In centrifugal pumps, dry running can cause the mechanical seals to overheat and fail. These seals are crucial for preventing leakage, and their destruction can result in a complete loss of pump function and potential environmental hazards. For positive displacement pumps, dry running can lead to rapid wear of components like gears, vanes, or pistons, as there is no lubricating fluid to cushion their movement.

The causes of dry running are varied and can include a depleted fluid source, a blocked suction line, pump malfunction, or incorrect system design. Preventing dry running is essential for pump longevity and operational efficiency. Common preventative measures include installing low-level sensors in tanks, using automatic shut-off devices, or implementing robust system monitoring and maintenance procedures. Understanding and addressing the risk of szárazonfutás is a critical aspect of pump operation and maintenance across many industrial and domestic applications.