Sylinterinpäät

Sylinterinpäät refers to the cylinder heads of an internal combustion engine. The cylinder head is a vital component that encloses the combustion chambers and is typically mounted on top of the engine block. It houses critical parts of the engine's valvetrain, such as valves, springs, and camshafts (in overhead camshaft designs). The cylinder head also contains the spark plug or injector and the passages for coolant and oil circulation.

The primary function of the cylinder head is to seal the top of the cylinders, creating the combustion chamber where the fuel-air mixture is ignited. Its design significantly influences the engine's performance, efficiency, and emissions. The shape and size of the combustion chamber within the cylinder head, along with the porting for intake and exhaust, are carefully engineered to optimize airflow and combustion.

Cylinder heads are commonly made from cast iron or aluminum alloys. Aluminum heads are lighter and offer better heat dissipation, which can lead to improved performance and efficiency, but they can be more expensive and prone to warping if the engine overheats. Cast iron heads are heavier and less efficient at heat transfer but are generally more durable and less susceptible to damage from extreme temperatures.

The cylinder head is attached to the engine block with a head gasket, which is crucial for maintaining a seal between the two components and preventing coolant and oil from mixing with the combustion gases. Overheating or other engine issues can cause the head gasket to fail, leading to significant engine problems.