Sydänlihastulehduksen

Sydänlihastulehdus, also known as myocarditis, is an inflammation of the heart muscle, the myocardium. This inflammation can weaken the heart muscle and affect its ability to pump blood effectively. Myocarditis can have various causes, including viral infections, bacterial infections, certain medications, autoimmune diseases, and exposure to toxins. Viral infections are the most common cause, particularly enteroviruses.

Symptoms of myocarditis can vary widely and may include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, palpitations, and swelling in the legs, ankles, and feet. In some cases, individuals may experience flu-like symptoms before developing heart-related issues. The severity of symptoms can range from mild and temporary to severe and life-threatening. Diagnosis often involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, and blood tests. In some instances, a heart biopsy may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and identify the underlying cause.

Treatment for myocarditis depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. For viral myocarditis, treatment is often supportive, focusing on managing symptoms and allowing the body to fight off the infection. This may include rest, medications to reduce inflammation, and treatments to support heart function, such as diuretics or medications to improve pumping ability. If an infection is identified, specific antimicrobial treatments may be prescribed. In severe cases, hospitalization and advanced therapies like mechanical circulatory support or heart transplantation might be required. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing long-term complications.