Sydänkirurgia

Sydänkirurgia, also known as cardiac surgery, is a specialized field of medicine that involves surgical procedures on the heart and the major blood vessels connected to it. These operations are performed to treat a variety of heart conditions that cannot be effectively managed with medication or less invasive treatments. The goal of cardiac surgery is to repair damaged heart structures, improve blood flow, or correct congenital defects.

Common procedures in sydänkirurgia include coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), which is used to restore blood flow to the heart muscle by creating new pathways for blood to bypass blocked coronary arteries. Heart valve repair or replacement is another frequent surgery, addressing problems with the heart's valves that can impair blood circulation. Procedures to correct congenital heart defects, which are structural abnormalities present at birth, are also a significant part of cardiac surgery. This can include closing holes in the heart or repairing malformed chambers and vessels.

Sydänkirurgia can be performed using different techniques. Traditional open-heart surgery involves a large incision in the chest, while minimally invasive cardiac surgery uses smaller incisions and specialized instruments, often with the assistance of a video camera. The choice of technique depends on the specific condition, the patient's overall health, and the surgeon's expertise. Recovery times and risks vary depending on the complexity of the procedure and individual patient factors.