Suspensiopolymeerointi

Suspensiopolymeerointi, also known as suspension polymerization, is a free-radical polymerization process used to produce polymers. In this method, monomer droplets are dispersed in a continuous liquid phase, typically water, using mechanical agitation. Stabilizers, such as polyvinyl alcohol or inorganic salts, are added to prevent the monomer droplets from coalescing. The initiator, soluble in the monomer, is added to the dispersed phase. Polymerization occurs within each individual monomer droplet, forming solid polymer particles suspended in the continuous phase. The heat generated by the exothermic reaction is efficiently dissipated by the continuous medium, allowing for good temperature control.

The resulting polymer particles are typically spherical and have a size range from a few micrometers to several millimeters, depending on the stirring speed, stabilizer concentration, and monomer-to-water ratio. After polymerization is complete, the polymer particles are separated from the continuous phase, usually by filtration or centrifugation. They are then washed and dried. This method is advantageous for producing polymers with high molecular weights and good heat dissipation. It is widely used in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The properties of the final polymer, such as particle size distribution and morphology, can be controlled by adjusting the polymerization conditions.