Suspensionn

Suspension refers to a mixture where solid particles are dispersed in a liquid medium, but not dissolved. These particles are generally larger than those found in a true solution, and they tend to settle out over time if left undisturbed. Examples of suspensions include muddy water, where soil particles are suspended in water, and certain liquid medicines, which require shaking before administration to ensure an even distribution of the active ingredients.

The key characteristic of a suspension is the heterogeneity of its composition. Unlike solutions, where the solute is uniformly distributed throughout the solvent, suspensions have visible, separate particles. These particles are large enough to be seen with the naked eye or under a microscope and will eventually succumb to gravity, causing them to precipitate. The process of settling can be slowed down by adding suspending agents, which are typically viscous substances that increase the resistance to particle movement.

Separating the solid particles from the liquid in a suspension can often be achieved through physical methods like filtration or decantation. Filtration works by passing the mixture through a porous material that allows the liquid to pass through but retains the solid particles. Decantation involves carefully pouring off the liquid after the solid has settled to the bottom. The stability of a suspension is a critical factor in its application, whether in pharmaceuticals, food products, or industrial processes.