Sujetoobjetoverbo

Sujetoobjetoverbo is a term used in linguistic typology to denote the canonical word order of a clause in which the subject appears first, followed by the object, and the verb comes at the end. The name is a portmanteau built from the Spanish words sujeto (subject), objeto (object), and verbo (verb), and it is sometimes employed informally to emphasize the SOV (subject–object–verb) pattern.

Characteristics associated with sujetobjetoverbo languages include a head-final structure where the verb typically remains at the end of the clause, extensive case or postposition systems marking grammatical roles, and adjectives or modifiers frequently preceding the nouns they describe. In many such languages, subordinate clauses and relative clauses also display head-final tendencies, and verbs may carry rich inflectional morphology or auxiliary sequences signaling tense, aspect, mood, and agreement. Object pronouns and other clitics may attach to the verb, reflecting a tendency toward verb-final syntax.

Numerous real-world languages are canonical SOV languages and are often described as sujetobjetoverbo in typological discussions. Prominent examples include Turkish, Japanese, Korean, Persian (Farsi), and many major Indo-Aryan languages such as Hindi-Urdu. While these languages share the overall SOV order, individual varieties may allow limited word-order variation for focus, discourse, or question formation, and some may employ optional prepositions in certain constructions.

The term sujetobjetoverbo is primarily a descriptive label used in linguistic pedagogy and typology rather than a strict, universally adopted category. It helps contrast SOV languages with SVO and VSO languages and highlights the structural features that accompany verb-final syntax.