Suffixek

Suffixek are affixes added to the end of words, used to modify meaning or grammatical function. They are a key element of many languages' morphology and are typically bound morphemes that cannot stand alone. In linguistic terms, suffixek are a subtype of affixes known as suffixes and occur at the end of a word stem.

Suffixek can be divided into derivational and inflectional types. Derivational suffixek create new words or change the part of speech, often altering semantics. Examples include -ness, which turns an adjective into a noun (happy -> happiness), and -ize, which can form verbs from nouns or adjectives (modern -> modernize). Inflectional suffixek provide grammatical information such as tense, number, or case without changing the base word's class (for example, English -ed for past tense and -s for plural).

Languages differ in how they use suffixek. In agglutinative languages like Turkish or Finnish, long sequences of suffixes can express many features on a single word. In fusional languages, one suffix may encode several categories at once. Phonology can also shape suffixes through processes such as vowel harmony or consonant alternations. Suffixek interact with other affixes (prefixes and infixes) to form complex words and to express nuanced grammatical relations.

Studying suffixek is central to morphology and typology, helping to explain how languages encode relations, tense, aspect, number, mood, and voice. In Hungarian-language contexts, suffixek is the common term used for these end-affixes, illustrating how languages rely on suffixation as a productive word-building mechanism.