Sue

To sue means to initiate a civil legal action against another person or organization in a court, seeking a remedy such as damages or an injunction. It is part of civil litigation and contrasts with criminal prosecution, which is pursued by the state.

In practice, a civil action usually begins when the plaintiff files a complaint with the court and serves it on the defendant. The defendant responds with an answer, counterclaims, or motions. The case proceeds through discovery, and can be resolved by settlement, dismissal, or a trial. Remedies include monetary damages, injunctions, or orders for specific performance. The burden of proof in most civil cases is a preponderance of the evidence, though higher standards can apply in certain claims or jurisdictions. Procedures and deadlines are governed by rules of civil procedure, and time limits (statutes of limitations) vary by jurisdiction and claim type. Some jurisdictions offer small claims processes for simple disputes; others allow class actions that aggregate many similar claims.

As a proper noun, "Sue" is a common English given name, often a diminutive of Susan or Susanna. It may also appear as a surname in some cases.

See also: Lawsuit, Civil action, Litigation, Small claims court, Class action.