Substitutionell

Substitutionell is an adjective used in Swedish to describe phenomena that involve substitution—the replacement of one element, unit, or symbol by another within a system. In Swedish technical language, it is attached to nouns to denote a substitutional process, structure, or method. In English-language contexts, the corresponding term is substitutional or substitution-related.

In chemistry, substitution reactions describe processes where one atom or group in a molecule is replaced by another. Substitution mechanisms such as SN1 and SN2 are typical examples. In materials science, substitutional solid solutions occur when atoms of one element occupy lattice sites normally held by atoms of another element; brass (copper with zinc) is a common example and affects properties like strength and conductivity.

In cryptography, substitutional methods replace plaintext symbols with ciphertext symbols, as in the classic substitution cipher (for example, the Caesar cipher). In biology, nucleotide substitutions occur in DNA sequences, a common form of genetic variation and mutation.

The term substitutionell is used mainly to label processes, structures, or methods that involve substitution, across disciplines. See also substitution reaction, substitution cipher, substitutional alloy, and substitution mutation.