Stralingsdeeltjes

Stralingsdeeltjes, also known as radiation particles, refers to subatomic particles that are emitted during radioactive decay or nuclear reactions. These particles carry energy and can travel through space or matter. The most common types of stralingsdeeltjes include alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays. Alpha particles consist of two protons and two neutrons, identical to a helium nucleus. They have a positive charge and a relatively short range, being easily stopped by a sheet of paper or the outer layer of skin. Beta particles are high-energy electrons or positrons emitted from the nucleus of an atom. They have a negative or positive charge, respectively, and can penetrate further than alpha particles, being stopped by a few millimeters of aluminum. Gamma rays are not particles in the same sense as alpha and beta radiation; they are high-energy photons, a form of electromagnetic radiation. They have no mass or charge and are highly penetrating, requiring thick shielding like lead or concrete to be significantly attenuated. Neutrons are also considered stralingsdeeltjes when emitted from nuclear processes, and they are neutral particles that can also penetrate deeply into matter. The emission of stralingsdeeltjes is a fundamental aspect of radioactivity and nuclear physics, with applications ranging from medical imaging and cancer treatment to industrial processes and scientific research. Understanding the properties and interactions of these particles is crucial for radiation safety and for harnessing their energy.