Stjerneborg

Stjerneborg is a historical astronomical observatory located in Uraniborg, on the island of Ven in Sweden. It was founded by the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe in the late 16th century. Brahe, who lived from 1546 to 1601, was granted the island by King Frederick II of Denmark and Norway and established his observatory there between 1576 and 1580.

The observatory was named Stjerneborg, which translates to "Star Castle" in Danish, reflecting its fortified appearance and its purpose as a center for celestial observation. Unlike its more famous neighbor Uraniborg, which was a grand residence and laboratory, Stjerneborg was primarily built underground. This design was intended to provide a stable environment, shielding the sensitive astronomical instruments from wind and temperature fluctuations, which were detrimental to accurate measurements at the time.

Within Stjerneborg, Brahe housed his sophisticated astronomical instruments, including large quadrants, sextants, and armillary spheres. He made meticulous and systematic observations of the positions of stars and planets from this observatory for over two decades. These observations were some of the most accurate of their time and formed the basis for his later astronomical work, including his catalog of stars and his studies of planetary motion.

Although the original structures of Stjerneborg have largely disappeared, archaeological excavations have revealed its layout and foundations. The site remains an important historical landmark, symbolizing the advancements in observational astronomy during the Renaissance and the significant contributions of Tycho Brahe to the field. It is preserved as part of the cultural heritage of Ven.