Spurfowl

Spurfowl are a group of small to medium-sized game birds belonging to the genus Galloperdix found in Asia. The name "spurfowl" refers to the presence of one or two spurs on the back of each leg, a characteristic common to many gallinaceous birds. There are three recognized species within this genus: the Red Spurfowl, the Painted Spurfowl, and the Grey Spurfowl. These birds are typically found in dense undergrowth, scrub forests, and rocky hillsides, preferring areas with good cover.

Red Spurfowl (Galloperdix spadicea) is found in India and Sri Lanka. The Painted Spurfowl (Galloperdix lunulata) inhabits India and Sri Lanka as well, while the Grey Spurfowl (Galloperdix fusca) is endemic to the Western Ghats of India. They are generally shy and elusive birds, often heard before they are seen. Their diet consists mainly of seeds, berries, insects, and other invertebrates.

Spurfowl are ground-dwelling birds and are not strong flyers, typically flushing only when disturbed and flying short distances to escape danger. They are known for their distinctive calls, which can vary between species. Breeding usually occurs during the monsoon season. The nests are simple scrapes on the ground, often concealed within thick vegetation. Both parents are believed to participate in raising the young. Spurfowl are hunted for sport and food in some areas, and habitat loss is a concern for some populations, though they are not currently considered globally threatened.