Spänningslag

Spänningslag, or voltage law, is a fundamental principle in electrical circuit analysis. It describes how voltage behaves within a closed loop of a circuit. There are two main forms of spänningslag, often referred to as Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL). The first states that the sum of voltage drops across all components in a series circuit must equal the total voltage supplied by the source. In simpler terms, energy is conserved; any voltage supplied by a source must be accounted for by the voltage consumed by the components. This means that if you traverse a closed loop in a circuit and add up all the voltage rises (like from a battery) and subtract all the voltage drops (across resistors, for example), you will end up back at zero. The second formulation of spänningslag is essentially the same principle applied to a closed path. It is a direct consequence of the conservation of energy and the definition of electric potential. Understanding spänningslag is crucial for calculating unknown voltages and analyzing the behavior of electrical networks. It is a cornerstone of electrical engineering alongside Kirchhoff's Current Law, which deals with current flow at junction points.