Sommerzwischenfrüchte

Sommerzwischenfrüchte, also known as summer catch crops or intercrops, are plants sown and grown during the summer months, typically between two main cash crops or after an early harvest. Their primary purpose is to improve soil health, suppress weeds, and prevent nutrient leaching. They are not usually harvested for sale but are incorporated back into the soil, often as green manure, or grazed by livestock.

Commonly used Sommerzwischenfrüchte include species like mustard, buckwheat, phacelia, and various legumes such as clover or vetch. The choice of species depends on factors like soil type, climate, and the specific goals of the farmer. For instance, legumes fix atmospheric nitrogen, enriching the soil for subsequent crops, while plants with deep root systems can improve soil structure and aeration.

The benefits of using Sommerzwischenfrüchte are numerous. They help to maintain and increase soil organic matter, which enhances water retention and fertility. By occupying the soil surface, they outcompete weeds, reducing the need for herbicides. Furthermore, they can break pest and disease cycles by acting as trap crops or by disrupting the life cycle of common pathogens. Their presence also provides habitat and food for beneficial insects, contributing to biodiversity. Implementing Sommerzwischenfrüchte is a key practice in sustainable agriculture and organic farming systems, promoting ecological balance and long-term soil productivity.