Somasolut

Somasolut, also known as somatic cells, are any biological cells forming the body of a multicellular organism other than germ cells, gametes, or undifferentiated stem cells. Germ cells are the cells that give rise to gametes, which are sperm and egg cells. Somatic cells make up tissues such as skin, muscle, bone, and nerves. They are diploid, meaning they contain two complete sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent.

The vast majority of cells in an organism are somatic cells. They are responsible for carrying out the functions of the body and are involved in growth, development, and repair. For example, muscle cells contract to enable movement, nerve cells transmit signals, and skin cells form a protective barrier. Somatic cells divide through mitosis, a process that produces two genetically identical daughter cells. This is crucial for growth and tissue maintenance.

Unlike germ cells, which undergo meiosis to produce haploid gametes, somatic cells do not directly contribute to the genetic makeup of offspring. Mutations that occur in somatic cells can affect the individual organism but are not passed on to future generations. The study of somatic cells is fundamental to understanding various biological processes, including development, disease, and aging. Research into somatic cell reprogramming, for instance, holds potential for regenerative medicine.