Solon

Solon was an Athenian statesman and lawgiver who is best known for his reforms in the 6th century BCE. Born around 638 BCE, Solon was a member of the aristocratic family of the Alcmaeonidae. He is credited with introducing several significant changes to Athenian society, which are collectively known as the Solonian reforms.

One of the most notable aspects of Solon's reforms was the establishment of a new class of citizens, known as the "zephyroi," who were previously excluded from political participation. This group included artisans, craftsmen, and merchants, who were granted the right to vote and hold public office. Additionally, Solon introduced the concept of ostracism, a democratic procedure that allowed citizens to vote to banish a fellow citizen from the city for a period of ten years.

Solon's reforms also included the establishment of a council of four hundred members, known as the Boule, which served as the primary legislative body in Athens. This council was composed of citizens who were selected by lot and were responsible for making laws and overseeing the administration of the city. Solon's reforms were a significant step towards the development of Athenian democracy and had a lasting impact on the political and social structure of the city.