Sobrealimentación

Sobrealimentación, also known as supercharging, is a method of increasing an engine's power output by forcing more air into the combustion chamber than it would naturally draw in. This is typically achieved using a compressor driven by the engine itself or by an external source.

There are two primary types of superchargers: roots-type and centrifugal. Roots-type superchargers use rotating lobes to push air into the engine. They provide boost at low engine speeds, resulting in improved low-end torque. Centrifugal superchargers use an impeller that spins at high speeds to compress air. They are more efficient at higher engine speeds and generally produce more power at the top end.

The increased airflow from supercharging allows for more fuel to be injected, leading to a more powerful combustion event and thus, increased horsepower and torque. This can enhance acceleration, towing capability, and overall performance. However, supercharging also increases the stress on engine components and can lead to higher fuel consumption if not managed efficiently. Superchargers are often employed in performance vehicles, trucks, and aircraft engines to boost power output. They differ from turbochargers, which use exhaust gases to drive the compressor.