Slitrks

SLITRKs, or neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor-interacting proteins, are a family of transmembrane proteins encoded by the SLITRK genes in humans. There are six members in this family: SLITRK1, SLITRK2, SLITRK3, SLITRK4, SLITRK5, and SLITRK6. These proteins are characterized by an extracellular region containing leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular domain that interacts with various signaling molecules.

SLITRKs are widely expressed in the developing and adult nervous system, playing crucial roles in neuronal development, including axon growth, guidance, and synaptogenesis. They have also been implicated in the regulation of neurite outgrowth and branching. Beyond their roles in neuronal architecture, SLITRKs are involved in various cellular processes such as cell adhesion, migration, and survival.

Dysregulation of SLITRK gene expression or mutations have been associated with several neurological and psychiatric disorders. For instance, SLITRK1 has been linked to Tourette syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder, while other SLITRK family members are being investigated for their potential involvement in conditions like schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. The precise molecular mechanisms by which SLITRKs contribute to these complex diseases are still under active investigation, but their involvement in fundamental neuronal processes suggests a significant impact on brain function and behavior. Research into SLITRKs continues to explore their therapeutic potential for treating neurological conditions.