Sliprings

Sliprings are electromechanical devices that enable the transmission of power and signals from a stationary structure to a rotating part. They are used whenever a component must rotate while remaining connected to fixed power or control lines.

A slip ring typically consists of a stationary section containing brushes and a rotating section carrying conductive rings. The rings are usually made of copper or brass and may be gold-plated for wear resistance, while carbon brushes maintain contact with the rings. As the rotor turns, current or data can pass across the rotating interface. Multiple rings allow several circuits to be carried concurrently, and some designs separate electrical and optical paths or use different geometries to suit applications.

Common configurations include pancake (low-profile) slip rings, through-bore (hollow-shaft) types, and stack-type designs. Sealed variants tolerate harsh environments, and high-speed versions aim to minimize electrical noise and wear. There are also fiber-optic slip rings or combined electrical and optical assemblies to support data transmission in some systems.

Applications span robotics, CNC machinery, wind turbines, medical equipment, rotating stages for cameras or lighting, cranes, packaging lines, and steering-wheel assemblies in vehicles. Slip rings enable continuous rotation without tangled cables, but they are subject to wear, contact resistance, and environmental limits.

Performance is defined by current and voltage ratings, speed, temperature range, and sealing. Regular maintenance may include inspection and occasional brush replacement to sustain reliable operation.