Sköldkörtelväxt

Sköldkörtelväxt, also known as Sköldkörtelväxter, is a division of plants that includes approximately 15,000 species, primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions. The name is derived from the Latin words "scutellum" meaning "little shield" and "corticium" meaning "bark," referring to the shield-like structures found on the stems of some species. The division is characterized by its dicotyledonous nature, meaning the seeds have two embryonic leaves, and it is further divided into several orders, including Sapindales, Ericales, and Malpighiales.

The plants in this division are diverse in form and function, ranging from trees and shrubs to herbs and vines. Many species are economically important, providing valuable timber, fruits, and medicinal compounds. For example, the cinchona tree (Cinchona officinalis) from the Sapindales order is a major source of quinine, used to treat malaria. The coffee plant (Coffea arabica) from the same order is a globally traded commodity.

Sköldkörtelväxt plants typically have simple leaves with netted veins and often produce flowers with a calyx and corolla. The calyx is a cup-shaped structure that surrounds the reproductive organs, while the corolla is a ring of petals that may be fused or separate. The reproductive organs are usually arranged in a way that allows for cross-pollination, with male and female parts often found on separate flowers.

The division is also notable for its role in ecosystem services, providing habitat and food for various wildlife species. However, many Sköldkörtelväxt species are threatened by habitat loss and climate change, highlighting the need for conservation efforts. The study of Sköldkörtelväxt plants is an active area of research, with ongoing efforts to understand their biology, ecology, and potential uses.