Sköldkörtelscintigrafi

Sköldkörtelscintigrafi, also known as thyroid scintigraphy, is a diagnostic imaging procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the thyroid gland. It involves the administration of a radioactive isotope, typically technetium-99m or iodine-123, which is absorbed by thyroid tissue. Using a gamma camera, images of the thyroid are captured to assess its size, shape, and activity levels.

The primary purpose of sköldkörtelscintigrafi is to differentiate between various thyroid conditions. It helps diagnose hyperthyroidism, where the gland produces excessive hormones, and hypothyroidism, characterized by reduced hormone production. The procedure can also identify nodules or lumps within the thyroid, determining whether they are "hot" (functioning autonomously and often benign) or "cold" (non-functioning, which may require further biopsy).

Preparation for the procedure typically includes avoiding certain iodine-containing substances, such as contrast dyes or supplements, to ensure accurate results. The test usually takes about one to two hours, including the time for tracer administration and image acquisition.

The results provide valuable insights into thyroid activity and assist in planning further treatment, such as medication, surgery, or radioiodine therapy. Although generally safe, the procedure involves exposure to a small amount of radiation, which is considered minimal compared to the benefits of accurate diagnosis.

Sköldkörtelscintigrafi is a widely used tool in endocrinology, offering non-invasive insights into thyroid function that complement other diagnostic methods like blood tests and ultrasound. It is particularly useful when evaluating thyroid nodules, thyroiditis, or thyroid cancer staging.