Skiktföljd

Skiktföljd, also known as soil profile or soil horizon, refers to the vertical arrangement of distinct layers or horizons within a soil. Each horizon has unique physical, chemical, and biological properties that are the result of various processes such as weathering, leaching, and organic matter accumulation. The horizons are typically designated by letters, with the topmost horizon being the O horizon, which is rich in organic matter. Below the O horizon, the A horizon, or topsoil, is found, which is dark in color and contains a mixture of organic matter and mineral particles. The B horizon, or subsoil, is characterized by the accumulation of minerals leached from the A horizon, giving it a lighter color. The C horizon represents the partially weathered parent material, and the R horizon is the unweathered bedrock. The thickness and characteristics of these horizons vary depending on factors such as climate, vegetation, and time. Understanding the skiktföljd is crucial for soil management, agriculture, and environmental conservation.